NASA Taps Startup to Rescue Aging Swift Observatory

• Katalyst Space Technologies will attempt to push NASA’s Swift telescope into a safer orbit, showcasing advanced docking capabilities.

NASA has selected Arizona-based Katalyst Space Technologies to carry out a short-notice mission aimed at saving the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory from atmospheric reentry. The agency awarded $30 million to deploy a modified version of Katalyst’s “Link” spacecraft, which will attempt to dock with and reposition the aging telescope. Launched in 2004, Swift has contributed significantly to the study of black holes and distant galaxies but now faces orbital decay due to atmospheric drag. Without intervention, scientists estimate a 90% chance the observatory will burn up by late 2026.

Engineering a Docking Solution

Unlike newer satellites, Swift lacks propulsion and docking features, making it a challenging target for orbital servicing. Katalyst plans to use a robotic mechanism designed to grip small metal flanges originally used for ground transport decades ago. These improvised contact points will allow the Link spacecraft to secure Swift and push it into a higher orbit. Modifications to the spacecraft begin next month, with launch scheduled for May 2026.

Strategic Implications and Military Interest

Orbital maneuvering and satellite servicing have become focal points in the growing space rivalry between the United States and China. Katalyst’s CEO, Ghonhee Lee, noted that while the Swift mission is civilian in nature, its success could have broader implications for defense and space superiority. The Pentagon is expected to monitor the mission closely and may collaborate with Katalyst on future orbital tests. China’s recent satellite grappling demonstrations have raised concerns in Washington, prompting interest in similar U.S. capabilities.

Startup Ambitions and Cost Efficiency

Katalyst’s in-space servicing program builds on its acquisition of Atomos Space earlier this year and a $25 million investment into the Link platform. The company aims to produce robotic spacecraft at significantly lower costs than traditional satellites, targeting prices in the high-single to low-double-digit millions. This approach could make routine satellite servicing more accessible and scalable. Lee emphasized that the Swift mission will demonstrate the feasibility of servicing unprepared satellites, potentially opening new avenues for orbital maintenance.