FCC Clears SpaceX to Expand Starlink Network * Science and Technology Times

FCC approves 7,500 more Starlink satellites for SpaceX
FCC allows SpaceX to upgrade satellites, operate on five frequencies
SpaceX must launch 50% of satellites by December 2028

FCC Approves Major Expansion of Starlink Constellation

The FCC confirmed that SpaceX may deploy and operate 7,500 more Gen2 Starlink satellites, doubling the number previously authorized. Regulators also granted permission for SpaceX to upgrade the satellites, operate across five frequency bands and bypass earlier restrictions that limited overlapping coverage. These changes are intended to increase network capacity and improve service reliability. The agency said the additional satellites will support direct‑to‑cell connectivity outside the United States and enhance domestic coverage.

Internet speeds of up to 1 gigabit per second are expected to be possible under the expanded system. FCC Chair Brendan Carr described the authorization as a significant step toward enabling next‑generation satellite services. He said the decision strengthens competition and helps ensure that underserved communities gain access to high‑speed connectivity. The approval marks one of the largest satellite authorizations ever issued by the agency.

SpaceX had originally sought approval for nearly 30,000 satellites. The FCC, however, approved only 15,000 for now, citing the need for further evaluation. Regulators noted that the Gen2 upgrade satellites remain untested in orbit. Authorization for the remaining 14,988 proposed satellites, including those planned for altitudes above 600 km, has been deferred.

The agency emphasized that the current approval is in the public interest. It also outlined deployment deadlines to ensure timely progress. SpaceX must launch half of the authorized Gen2 satellites and place them in their assigned orbits by December 1, 2028. The remaining satellites must be deployed by December 2031.

Deployment Requirements and Constellation Adjustments

SpaceX is also required to complete deployment of its 7,500 first‑generation satellites by late November 2027. These deadlines reflect the FCC’s effort to manage orbital congestion and ensure responsible satellite operations. The company has already become the world’s largest satellite operator, with roughly 9,400 Starlink satellites currently in orbit. Its network provides broadband service to consumers, governments and enterprise customers worldwide.

Starlink announced last week that it will reconfigure its constellation by lowering satellites orbiting at around 550 km to 480 km during 2026. The adjustment is intended to improve space safety by reducing collision risks and accelerating natural deorbiting. Lower orbits allow satellites to decay more quickly if they fail, reducing long‑term debris concerns. This move aligns with broader industry efforts to improve orbital sustainability.

In December, Starlink reported that one of its satellites experienced an anomaly at 418 km altitude. The incident created a small amount of debris and resulted in a loss of communication with the spacecraft. Such kinetic accidents are rare for the company but highlight the challenges of operating large constellations. Regulators continue to monitor debris‑related risks as satellite numbers increase.

The FCC’s decision reflects a balance between supporting innovation and managing orbital safety. SpaceX’s rapid deployment pace has raised questions about long‑term congestion. Regulators have responded by imposing conditions and requiring detailed reporting. These measures aim to ensure that the expanding constellation remains manageable.

Competitive Landscape and Regulatory Context

SpaceX’s dominance in the satellite broadband market has drawn attention from regulators and competitors. Former FCC Chair Jessica Rosenworcel noted in 2024 that Starlink controlled nearly two‑thirds of all active satellites. She called for increased competition to ensure a healthy marketplace. The new authorization may intensify these discussions as SpaceX’s footprint continues to grow.

The FCC’s approval also reflects the growing demand for global broadband coverage. Satellite‑based internet has become increasingly important for rural and remote regions. Direct‑to‑cell capabilities could further expand access by enabling mobile connectivity without traditional infrastructure. These developments are shaping the future of global telecommunications.

Regulators are also considering the environmental and safety implications of large constellations. Orbital debris, collision risks and spectrum management remain key concerns. The FCC’s phased approval approach allows it to monitor performance before authorizing additional satellites. This strategy provides flexibility as technology and industry practices evolve.

SpaceX’s expansion comes as other companies pursue their own satellite networks. Competitors such as Amazon’s Project Kuiper and various national initiatives aim to challenge Starlink’s lead. The FCC’s decision may influence how these projects progress in the coming years. Market dynamics are likely to shift as more systems come online.